What causes floods flooding occurs in known floodplains when prolonged rainfall over several days, intense rainfall over a short period of time, or an ice or debris jam causes a river or stream to overflow and flood the surrounding area. Download floods and causes of floods cheat sheet pdf. Here are eight of the most common causes of flooding, both natural and humaninduced. Rains, overflowing rivers, ruptured dams, and melting water from snow and ice may all result in flooding that produces harmful economic and environmental effects. In almost every continent of the world, there is a reported case of flooding and storms and without any doubt it is undesirable as it has led to the loss. Climate change also causes floods by shifting the pattern of the jet stream. Floods are categorized into natural and artificial floods in terms of their causes.
Their damage is so extensive that they are responsible for 90% of all u. The objective of this study is to examine the substantive causes and selected effects of floods in south western nigeria with a view to indentify solutions for sustainable development. Floods causes and effects of flooding flood protection. The main causes of floods in jalpaiguri district over the past decades are 6. Health effects on human beings can be psychological mental or physiological. Causes, effects and control strategies sumit chakravarty 1, s. Effects of urban development on flood discharge and frequency common consequences of urban development are increased peak discharge and frequency of floods. Although flooding is a natural phenomenon caused by antecedents such as melting of icebergs, hurricanes, overfilling of the major rivers, many other flood types are humancaused. In this video lesson, you will study floods, their causes and their effects. Floods are natural hydrological phenomena and occur after some meteorological events like intense or prolonged rainfall spells or unusually high coastal estuarine waters due to storm surges etc. Living in a high flood risk area could end up costing you a fortune if you dont have the correct flood defence system installed at your property.
Types of floods floods occur nationwide and are the deadliest weather related killer in the united states. Throughout the human civilization, floods have been part of his destiny. The aim of this study is to provide a thorough understanding of the impact of floods on the socioeconomic livelihoods and underlying causes of the communitys vulnerability. A critical analysis revealed that many cases of flooding experienced in this country are caused by dam. The research focus on the causes effects and solution to flooding in nigeria. Floods occur most commonly when water from heavy rainfall, from melting ice and snow, or from a combination of these exceeds the carrying capacity of the river system, lake, or the like into which it runs. Floods causes effects and prevention flood protection by. They are often caused by rivers, but overflowing lakes and seas can also cause flooding. Heavy rains and landslides in india cause as much as 58 per cent of all disaster loss in the country. Floods are the most common natural disaster in the united states.
The ice caps melt in spring, and the water goes into the sea. In the sense of flowing water, the word may also be applied to the inflow of the tide. Floods, that imply a large amount of water rising and then spreading across a region, are one of the most common causes of natural disasters in india. The great floods of 2010 in pakistan would not have caused so much destruction if the steps explained here had been taken. The water raises the sea level, and makes the river level rise. At the time of the high melting of snow due to heavy precipitation and other factors, the situation of flooding arises. The research gives a clear insight into the causes, effects and solution to flooding in nigeria. Literature study on environmental impact of floods tu delft. But when a forest is cut down, the humidity levels decrease and causes the remaining plants to dry out. Somerset floods the widespread flooding on the somerset levels made the national headlines. Causes and effects of flooding in global and thailand. Floods definition and different causes of floods toppr. A man stands next to the wreckage a vehicles washed away on march 18, 2019 in chimanimani, eastern zimbabwe, after the area was hit by the cyclone idai. The cause and effects of floods cause and effect essay.
If there happened to be a flood in your area, protecting your home could end up saving you a lot of money as well as the stress and hassle. They destroy houses and buildings, and carry soil away from valuable farming land. This is one of two quizzes on flooding and it focusses in particular on the causes and the effects of floods. When floods occur they bring with them numerous problems, ranging from the physical impact of water damage to the problems of disease and famine that can follow such disasters. The cause and effect of floods floods are caused by many things. Thus, causing the flood situation to become even critical for the people living around. Floods are common natural disasters that can affect millions of people around the world. Floods impact both individuals and communities, and have social, economic, and environmental consequences. Bacteria, mould and viruses, cause disease, trigger allergic reactions, and continue to damage materials long after a flood. There are several human causes of flooding, including poorly designed infrastructure.
The causes of flooding are varied, but the effects of most causes can be managed if not prevented. Pdf recent floods and consequences all over the world are becoming too frequent and threat to sustainable development in human settlements. The consequences of floods, both negative and positive, vary greatly depending on their location, duration, depth and speed, as well as the vulnerability and value of the affected natural and constructed environments. Many times it rains too much, other times a dam breaks. The research will help to identify the areas that are prone to flood. Floods disrupt normal drainage systems in cities, and sewage spills are common, which represents a serious health hazard, along with standing water and wet materials in the home. The floodcontrol and irrigation experts in each province should visit the areas most exposed to floods and should take necessary measures for controlling future floods. Bangladesh has a history of venerability of heavy flooding under its belt and all floods happen for a reason. A flood is an overflow of water that submerges land that is usually dry. The work is limited to the cities and towns of the region. Therefore the responsible authorities should provide timely and reliable flood warning, flood. Floods causes effects and prevention stormguard floodplan. The arctic is warming faster than the temperate zones. Prolonged rainfall events are the most common cause of flooding worldwide.
Typically, the annual maximum discharge in a stream will increase as urban development occurs, although the increase is sometimes masked by substantial yeartoyear. In an illustrative way it explains the different types of flooding and what dangers and negative impacts floods can cause on human beings and the environment. You will learn to identify various methods that are used to prevent floods and explore how preventing natural flood. Floods are an area of study of the discipline hydrology and are of significant concern in agriculture, civil engineering and public health flooding may occur as an overflow of water from water bodies, such as a river, lake, or ocean.
The rules and regulation of grazing rights, privileges, and concessions for forest produce, minor timber etc, are generous and vary from state to state. The study explores the impact of floods on the socioeconomic livelihoods of people in sikaunzwe community in kazungula district. During severe floods, which occur from may to october, this percentage may increase considerably. One physical health effect associated with both water and flood.
Pdf causes and consequences of flooding in nigeria. A river flood is when the river bursts its banks and. Put simply, a flood is too much water in the wrong place. Economic losses due to the effects of damaging floods have increased significantly around the world integrated flood risk management in asia, 2005. Zolotokrylin encyclopedia of life support systems eolss agricultural, and hydrologic phenomena. All about different types of floods in bangladesh and their causes, effects and possible solutions are mention here in detail. Heavy rains, landslides, overflowing rivers, cyclones and tsunamis cause floods in india. Substantive causes and effects of floods in south western. Located in south asia, the bangladesh flood resulted in devastating damage, sweeping over the entire country. Hi guys, you will agree with me that flood events are one of the greatest environmental disasters of our time.
In the event of huge rainfall, the dams built begin to collapse. The flood has damaged the physical infrastructures like houses, schools, sub. An analysis of the causes and circumstances of flood. Tsunamis, earthquakes and even strong tidal flows may also result in floods. However, if these dams are not managed properly, they may cause flooding and huge damage. Best practices on flood prevention, protection and mitigation 3 flood forecasting and warning is a prerequisite for successful mitigation of flood damage. Pdf an assesment of causes and effects of flood in nigeria. Usually the combined flow of several waterswollen tributaries. The effect of the water itself can be devastating on.
The most common causes of floods are climate related, most especially rainfall. We will explain floods causes effects and prevention by using different types of flood defence systems. Many may have had a natural vulnerability to floods but no one was prepared for the scale of the floods or the impacts that followed figure 1. Specifically, the research sought to assess the causes and effects of floods on. The zimbabwe human rights ngo forum the forum commiserates with all those who were affected by the disastrous effects of cyclone idai in mozambique, madagascar, zimbabwe, and malawi. The objective of this study is to examine the substantive causes and selected effects of floods in south western nigeria with a view to identify solution for sub stainable development. According to the national weather service, floods kill 95 people a year on average. In nigeria, though not leading in terms of claiming lives, flood affects and displaces more people than any other disaster. Fires can be both accidental and intentional but destroy forests quickly. Flooding is experienced all over the globe and for a variety of reasons but why exactly does flooding occur. Adopting sustainable measures for heavy precipitation can help in dealing with the flooding situation. Other than poor weather conditions, there are other ways in which your property can end up becoming flooded. When it plunges south, it picks up tropical moisture from the gulf of mexico and dumps it on the east coast.
These flood events were unique in a sense that the floods were mainly due to the heavy precipitation in the padma belt. Floods are among the most devastating natural disasters in the world, claiming more lives and causing more property damage than any other natural phenomena. Widespread flooding and severe flash floods can produce significant casualties and pose a serious threat. The effect of flooding worldwide have being devastating to the extent that. According to the 30year average, there are 99 fatalities each year resulting from flash and river floods. Essay on causes and effects of flood the college study.
For example, drying out our tropical rainforests increases fire damage. The bangladesh flood spread for over 3 months julyaugust, 1988 and was described as the worst flood of the century. Floods can also contaminate drinking water and lead to diseases. That makes floods the secondmost deadly form of extreme weather.
A flood is caused by a combination of heavy rainfall causing river oceans to over flow their banks, and can happen at any time of the year, not just in the winter. That changes the air pressure and turns the jet stream. Presently there are widely discussed of disasters and its results to enhance the public awareness and greater destruction caused by disaster flood. Heavy rainfall at river sources unusually heavy weather at the source of a river can lead to vast amounts of water draining into the water table. Because of global warming, the temperature of this year is higher than the temperature of many years ago. Flooding can be caused by a variety of weather and related phenomena, including tropical cyclones, low pressure systems, thunderstorms. Gcse geography causes of floods and effects of flooding. Its effectiveness depends on the level of preparedness and correct response. It will also help to know the ways to mitigate the effect of flooding.
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